INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

Meaning of Physics
 Physics is the study of matter in relation to energy. 
Matter

Matter is anything which has got weight and occupies space.

Application of physics in daily life

In Industry

Machines such as hydraulic press, larger generators, motors, lifts use physics from its manufacturing to the way they operate.

In Agriculture

In agriculture physics has been applied in different ways example pumps used for irrigation scheme, solar power or diesel generator, pipes etc.

Transportation and communication

Cars, Airplanes, ship, train and other transportation means apply physics, In communication  the use of internet,telephone,television and radio  are all possible because of physics.

In Medical field

Medical field  is advancing due  to modern technologies in fact this is the due to  physics, with Ultra –sound,X-ray, CT-scanners ,EMIRs much  can be done nowadays in medical field, for example brain surgery which requires high technology and special equipment. 

At home

Home appliances and utensils such as blender,oven,gas cooker,pressure cooker,microwave,nut cracker,washing machine,toaster,iron,drill,saw and a crow bar are the result of physics.

Importance of studying physics

ü  To produce professionals such as engineers,doctors,and teachers

ü  Used in production of machines such as car, computer, motor bike etc.

ü  It is used to produce hospital equipment such as x-ray machine and ultra-sound

ü  It is used in construction of houses,bridges,roads and  railways

ü  It is used to develop new technologies

Energy

 Is the ability or capacity of doing work.

A Person who studies physics is called Physicist

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PHYSICS LABORATORY

Physics laboratory is a special room designed for carrying out physics experiments.

LABORATORY RULES

ü  Do not enter in the laboratory without permission

ü  Do not eat or drink in the laboratory

ü  Report any breakages

ü  Never use bare hands to  carry hot objects

ü  Handle all apparatus with care

ü  Do not use dirty and broken apparatus

ü  Keep windows open to allow ventilation

ü  Do not touch any electrical equipment with wet hands

ü  Make sure all gas and water taps are closed before leaving the laboratory.

ü  Never  use open flame to heat inflammable liquids

ü  Clean the working area before leaving the laboratory.

SAFETY MEASURES IN LABORATORY

Safety measures are the precautions taken to insure the safety of people and laboratory equipment.

Basically all laboratory rules are the safety measures, other safety measures includes

ü  Laboratory doors should be open outwards

ü  Presence of fire detectors, fire extinguishers, fire alarms and fire escape procedures

ü  Non slippery  floor

ü  Adequate ventilation

ü  Ample water supply

ü  Hazardous places and rooms should be labeled, for example radiation rooms, places with electric shock etc.

ü  Presence of first aid kit

First aid

This is initial care provided to a victim of illness or accident   until medical treatment can be accessed, the aim is to preserve life, prevent further harm and to promote recovery.

Importance of the first Aid

ü  It promote recovery

ü  It prevents further infection

ü  It reduces pain

ü  it gives a victim hope

ü  it prevents victims condition from becoming worse

ü  It preserves life.

First aid kit

Is a collection of medical supplies and equipment for use in giving first aid.

Items found in First aid kit    

 First aid manual,bandages,saline,soap,antiseptic,adhesive tape, butterfly closure strips,dressings,tweezers,disposable gloves,and pain  killer such as aspirin.

Item                                     example

Antiseptic  soap                 protex,dettol

Antiseptic solution            methylated spirit

Bandages

Cotton wool

Surgical groves

Liniment                            deep heat,Vivian gel,clove oil,salimia

Painkillers                         Asprin,panadol,diclofenac

Plasters

Thermometer

Safety pins

Pair of scissors

Razor blade

Petroleum jelly

Common accidents in laboratory

ü  Burns

·         Fire or hot objects burns

·         Chemical burns

ü  Falls

ü  Cuts and puncture

ü  Electric shock

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